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Skills for a resume, and how to write the summary above them

Which skills to list, how to lay them out so they're easy to scan, and a three-sentence summary you can adapt.

Short answer

List 6 to 12 skills that the job posting asks for and that your experience can back up. Group them on labeled lines like “Tools: Excel, SQL, Tableau”, without ratings or graphics. Add a summary at the top only if you have a few years of experience or you're changing fields: three sentences covering what you do, your best result and what you want next.

Which skills to list

Start from the job posting, not from a list of popular skills. Highlight every tool, method or certification it mentions, then keep the ones you could talk about for two minutes in an interview. Those go on the resume, using the posting's own wording where it's accurate (“Power BI”, not “BI tools”).

Leave soft skills out of the list. “Communication” or “team player” on a skills line proves nothing, and everyone writes them. Show them in your bullets instead: “Presented weekly pricing results to 12 store managers” says more about communication than the word does.

How to lay out the skills section

Put skills on a few labeled lines, separated by commas. Recruiters can scan it in seconds, and resume parsers read it as plain text. This is the layout every template here uses:

SKILLS

Analysis: SQL, Excel (pivot tables, Power Query), Python (pandas)

Reporting: Tableau, Looker Studio, PowerPoint

Certifications: Google Data Analytics Certificate

Languages: English (native), Spanish (conversational)

  • No skill bars, stars or percentages. A parser can't read a graphic, and “Excel 4/5” tells a recruiter nothing about what you can do with it.
  • Certifications and languages get their own lines in the skills section, unless you have several certifications that matter for the job, as in nursing.
  • Placement. For most people the skills section goes after experience. Put it near the top if the job is very tool-heavy or you're changing careers. Our Skills-first template is set up that way.

Skills by field

Examples of what belongs on the skills lines and what's better shown in bullets. Use the posting to decide which apply to you. Each field links to a full resume example.

FieldOn the skills linesShow in bullets instead
Software engineeringLanguages (Python, Java, TypeScript), frameworks (React, Spring), SQL, Git, AWS or GCP, testing toolsCode review, debugging under pressure, writing design docs
Data analysisSQL, Excel (pivot tables, Power Query), Python or R, Tableau or Power BI, A/B testingExplaining numbers to non-analysts, questioning bad data
NursingState RN license, BLS and ACLS, Epic or Cerner charting, telemetry, IV therapyPatient education, calm handoffs, charge nurse duties
TeachingState license and grade band, Google Classroom, IEP and 504 plans, reading assessmentsClassroom management, family communication
MarketingHubSpot or Mailchimp, Google Analytics, Google Ads, Meta Ads Manager, SEO tools, CanvaWriting, campaign planning, working with sales
SalesSalesforce or HubSpot CRM, prospecting tools, contract negotiation, forecastingQuota attainment, building relationships, listening
FinanceExcel modeling, financial statements, NetSuite or SAP, variance analysis, budgetingAttention to detail, presenting to leadership
Project managementJira or Asana, MS Project, budgeting, risk logs, PMP or CAPMRunning meetings, managing vendors, keeping scope in check
RetailPOS systems, cash handling, inventory counts, scheduling software, merchandisingCustomer service, training new staff, staying calm at rush hour
Graphic designFigma, Adobe Illustrator, InDesign and Photoshop, typography, print productionTaking feedback, presenting concepts, hitting print deadlines

Writing a professional summary

The summary sits under your name and tells the reader how to read the rest of the page. Keep it to three sentences:

  1. What you do and for how long, with the area you know best.
  2. Your strongest result, with a number if you have one.
  3. What you're looking for, or what you bring to the next role.

You can drop the “I” or keep it; both are normal, so just pick one. Skip adjectives like “passionate” and “results-driven”. The result in sentence two does that job.

Three examples, each written for a different situation:

Data analyst, six years

SUMMARY

Data analyst with six years in retail and energy, most recently leading pricing analytics for a regional grocery chain. I built the weekly margin model the commercial team now plans from, which cut markdown waste by 9% in its first year. Looking for a senior analyst role where the work feeds real decisions.

Registered nurse, three years

SUMMARY

Registered nurse with three years on a 30-bed medical-surgical unit, including a year as relief charge nurse. Known on my unit for early recognition of deteriorating patients and clear handoffs to the ICU. BLS and ACLS certified, moving into critical care.

Career changer, teacher to trainer

SUMMARY

Former middle school science teacher with seven years of classroom experience and three years training new teachers. Designed a two-day onboarding program that raised new-hire readiness from about half to over 80% in our survey. Moving into corporate learning and development.

When to skip the summary

Students and recent graduates usually don't need one. Your education and projects already say what you are, and a summary would push them down the page. A summary is most useful when you have a long history that needs a headline, or when your job titles don't make your direction obvious.

Writing for one specific job?

Tailor to a job picks the skills and writes the summary from your own resume lines and the job posting, and shows which line of your resume each sentence came from.

Questions

How many skills should a resume have?
Usually 6 to 12, grouped on two to four lines. More than that and the important ones get lost. Technical roles can go a little higher if every item is something you've actually used.
Should soft skills go on a resume?
Yes, but in your bullets, not in the skills list. Describe a time you used the skill and what happened. That's believable in a way that a list of adjectives isn't.
Is a professional summary the same as an objective?
Not quite. An objective only says what you want. A summary says what you offer, with proof, and can end with what you want. Most recruiters prefer a summary.
Should I copy keywords from the job posting?
Use the posting's exact names for tools and certifications you really have, so both people and keyword searches find them. Don't add skills you don't have; they come up in interviews.